M16- Americas Hero! Essay Example

M16- Americas Hero! Essay he M16 has evolved along with American Warfare. The M16 start off with a Research Project funded by the Army. The first model of the M16 rifle was the M16A1 which had many problems. (Wikimedia 1) The next model was the m16a2 which was the successor of the M16A1 that didn’t have the same problems. The following model was the M16A3 which was a newer more advanced M16 compared to the M16A2. (Wikimedia 1) Following the M16A3 was the M16A4 rifle that was even more sophisticated and technologically advanced than its earlier model.America had adopted the M16 and improved it until it became the weapon of choice in modern warfare. The origin of the M16 assault rifle came from the Operations Research Office soon after the end of the Korean war. (Gunpedia 1) This operation was funded at Hopkins University which was sponsored by the United States Army. (Gunpedia 1) In 1963, an American company named Colt received and order of 19,000 rifles for the United States Airforce. (Gunpedia 1) Thus the M16A1 is born. Then in 1966 the United States government put in a large purchase of 840,000 rifles to support the growing number of troops being stationed in Vietnam. Gunpedia 1) The M16A1 proved most ineffective during the war in Vietnam. This was because the M16A1 rifle had a jamming problem and the troops using this weapon were not prepared to clean it and keep it up on its maintenance. (Wikimedia 1) With the occasional jam many casualties occurred.This forced Colt to develop a new weapon that would not retain some of the flaws of the old rifle. Thus the M16A2 was born. This new rifle did not show any of the old rifles problems and was used to replace its older version. Gunpedia 1) As the years went by many innovations and improvements were made to the M16A2 assault rifle which led to the creation of the M16A3 and the M16A4 rifles. (Wikipedia 1) These newer models both came out by 1996. (Gunpedia 1) This was how the M16 came to be in America. The M16A1 was the first model of the M16 assault rifle used by the United States. The Country of origin of this rifle was the United States of America. The designer of this weapon was Colt which is an American company. This weapons production began in 1963 in The United States. (Gunpedia 1) The M16A1 shot a 5. 56 millimeter bullet. Mcnab 282) The M16A1 first saw combat in Vietnam in 1963. (Gunpedia 1) The Rifle was used in jungle warfare against the Vietnamese. The gun was ineffective because of a jamming problem; this was cause of many casualties. (Gunpedia 1) Although the M16A1 had its flaws it was used to replace the M14 as the United States standard infantry rifle. The M16A1’s successor was the M16A2. America then upgraded to the M16A2 rifle.This rifle fires rounds at 5. 56 millimeters. (Mcnab 282) This rifle had adjustable fire rate ranging from semi-automatic to three round burst. This rifle was engineered and first put in use in the early nineteen eighties. Gunpedia 1) There were numerous upgrades do ne to the M16A2 to increase its effectiveness on the field. The first upgrade was a windage adjustable sight that was placed in the rear of the carrying handle which was innovated by the United States. (Wikimedia 1) The next innovation was an adjustable stock that extended from five to eight inches for maneuverability; this was also an American improvement. (Wikimedia 1) Also the gun was made heavier to carry the bullet better. Also there was an added case deflector for left handed shooters. (Gunpedia 1) The hand deflector was made cylindrical to accommodate for left handed shooters. Gunpedia 1) Both of these advancements had been made by American companies. Although this was a huge advancement it was mainly used only in National Guard and the Navy by Navy Seals for Special Ops missions. (Wikimedia 1) The next model manufactured was the M16A3. The M16A3 was the Rifle model made after the M16A2. The M16A3 had a semi-Automatic mode and also supported a fully automatic setting as well. (Gunpedia 1) This rifle is commonly referred to as a M16A2 with a fully automatic setting and a Picatani rail. (Wikimedia 1) This is a common misconception because the M16A3 supports many more features than just these to.Although this was a new model it wasn’t widely used in the United States military. This was probably due to its almost identical features with the M16A2. This gun was mostly used by the Navy Seals and was ordered along with a larger batch of M16A4s. (Gunpedia 1) Colt was the manufacturer of this weapon. (Wikipedia 1) After these models of production were put out in 1994 a new model of M16A4s came in. The M16A4 is currently the newest model of the M16s. This rifle’s country of origin in the United States of America. (Wikimedia 1) The designer of this weapon of this weapon was the American company Colt.This weapons production started in 1994 in America. (Gunpedia 1) The A4 shoots a 5. 56 millimeter bullet and is gas operated. (Mcnab 282) This weapon is being used in Iraq and Afghanistan today. This rifle is the most modern rifle with the most advancements in the line of M16s. Although this is the best of the best when it comes to M16’s this rifle is being phased out of the U. S. military by 2010 being slowly replaced by the M4 Carbine. (Wikimedia 1) America had started with nothing and built its way to the most modern weapons we use today. America had started off with the problematic M16A1 rifle.After an advancement to the firing mechanism America had created the M16A2 rifle. With many improvements to the M16A2 rifle came the M16A3 and the M16A4 Rifles which are the most modern version of the M16 assault rifle today. America has made much advancement in technological warfare.Mcnab, Chris. Twentieth-Century Small Arms. Metro Books. New York, NY 1001, 122 fifth avenue, 2001. gt; (source 1) lt;†M16 Rifle† Wikipedia. 2010. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/M16_rifle

Free Essays on The Contradicting Lives Of Two Sisters

In the short story â€Å"You’re Ugly, Too† by Lorrie Moore, the two sisters, Evan and Zoà «, have a few similarities, but their wide range of differences truly set the two women apart from one another. Evan lives in New York and works as a â€Å"food designer†, and Zoà « lives in the middle of nowhere as a college professor. The similarities between the two do seem to give them the strong bond of sisters. As I began reading this I would not imagine these two women to be related. I will start by discussing the girls as children, then go into their careers since they have grown up. After this, I will talk about where they live and their relationships. Also, I will relate the two women’s personalities to how they are different. Their lifestyles now are significantly different from what they were as children. On page 360 of Literature: Structure, Sound and Sense (8th edition) the narrator suggests that Evan may actually be becoming more like her sister, Zoà «. The narrator states, â€Å" When she was little, Evan had always been affectionate and devoted. Zoà « had always taken care of her, advising, reassuring her, until recently, when it seemed Evan had started advising and reassuring her. It startled Zoà «Ã¢â‚¬  (360).Zoà « being the big sister that she was had always grown up taking care of her younger sister. As children, the older siblings always look out for the younger ones. It is likely that as children these two women were very close always looking out for one another. Then, as they matured, Evan and Zoà « grew further apart and more different from one another. The fact that Zoà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s younger sister was now looking out for her was what frightened Zoà «. Zoà « was becoming less and less like Evan all the time. On page 354, the narrator says, â€Å"Zoà « was discovering something she never suspected she had†¦Once she had pampered her students, singing them songs, letting them call her at home, even, and ask personal questions. Now s... Free Essays on The Contradicting Lives Of Two Sisters Free Essays on The Contradicting Lives Of Two Sisters In the short story â€Å"You’re Ugly, Too† by Lorrie Moore, the two sisters, Evan and Zoà «, have a few similarities, but their wide range of differences truly set the two women apart from one another. Evan lives in New York and works as a â€Å"food designer†, and Zoà « lives in the middle of nowhere as a college professor. The similarities between the two do seem to give them the strong bond of sisters. As I began reading this I would not imagine these two women to be related. I will start by discussing the girls as children, then go into their careers since they have grown up. After this, I will talk about where they live and their relationships. Also, I will relate the two women’s personalities to how they are different. Their lifestyles now are significantly different from what they were as children. On page 360 of Literature: Structure, Sound and Sense (8th edition) the narrator suggests that Evan may actually be becoming more like her sister, Zoà «. The narrator states, â€Å" When she was little, Evan had always been affectionate and devoted. Zoà « had always taken care of her, advising, reassuring her, until recently, when it seemed Evan had started advising and reassuring her. It startled Zoà «Ã¢â‚¬  (360).Zoà « being the big sister that she was had always grown up taking care of her younger sister. As children, the older siblings always look out for the younger ones. It is likely that as children these two women were very close always looking out for one another. Then, as they matured, Evan and Zoà « grew further apart and more different from one another. The fact that Zoà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s younger sister was now looking out for her was what frightened Zoà «. Zoà « was becoming less and less like Evan all the time. On page 354, the narrator says, â€Å"Zoà « was discovering something she never suspected she had†¦Once she had pampered her students, singing them songs, letting them call her at home, even, and ask personal questions. Now s...

Contrasts between Public and Private Organizations With Special Essay

Contrasts between Public and Private Organizations With Special Reference to Activity Management Practices - Essay Example The over whelming acceptance of the first assumption is often triggered in the absence of analytical studies of culture, operational requirements and difference of focus and approach in public and private sector organizations. There is an increased awareness at all levels of public administration to bridge the gap between the effectiveness and efficiency of a public and private organization. The awareness has given rise to comparative studies which can surface more logical and methodical approaches and technologies that can be useful to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of public sector organizations. Theory of Activity Management practices has recently got huge focus in this connection and many researchers have critically analyzed the adoption trends of this theory in public and private sector organizations. Baird, K. (2007) has also described the critical analysis of the theory from public sector organizations perspective as the basis of his article, â€Å"The study address es the gap in the literature examining the adoption of activity management practices in the public sector.† ... Gosselin defines Activity Analysis as process that is, â€Å"consists of identifying the activities and procedures carried out to convert material, labour and other resources into outputs† (Cited in Baird, 2007). Koopmans (1970) describes AA in these words, â€Å"Activity Analysis is concerned with the construction of the conceptual models to study and appraise criteria, rules, and practices for the allocation of resources.† The definition of Activity Analysis delimits boundaries for various resources in the organization. The actual contribution of a resource toward the final production of the service or product is the basic criteria which sets these boundaries. Therefore, the importance of human resource or a material can be described in terms of its role in the process of production. If a resource does not have any impact on the productivity or have least effect on it, it should be allocated with minimal or no resources at all. The exclusion of this resource from reso urce allocation is a step towards efficient and effective cost management of the resources which ultimately contributes towards the organizational effectiveness and efficiency. This efficiency, however, must not cause the reduction of any other production variable. â€Å"A combination of activities is called efficient if it does not permit increasing any net output without decreasing another, within the given limitations or primary factors.† (Koopmans). Therefore, despite being necessary, the decision of exclusion for a resource can only be efficient if every possible result is foresighted in terms of productivity and cost. However, the behavior towards inefficient resource management is usually different in public and

Book Reports for Rabbi School Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Book Reports for Rabbi School - Research Paper Example need for humans to be conversant with the conditions that face humanity; thus, devise strategies that will allow for the attainment of self-awareness and spiritual restoration in human beings (Buber, 2002). The book also gives details on various forms of rungs of life that eventually seek to arouse humans towards leading a righteous life. The work of Buber (2002) gives the lesson that human life needs to be driven by aims of existence. The author is keen to explain that humans needs to make sure that they realize the meaning of their times on earth. True life, therefore, involves the humans being devoted to their life in God if they have to understand what is required of their future life. I also learn that devotion to God is not complete on its own. One must love God’s creation, love their fellow beings, and it is through this deviation that one can be of great importance to their fellow men (Buber, 2002). True life is, therefore, not baseless, but includes the virtue of justice, righteousness, love and even devotion to the life’s wants. I also learnt that one ought to desist from activities that may led to evil and guilt, but make as much effort as possible to overcome the evils of life. Awareness of sin is also crucial to good life, since it helps humans overcome the challenges that they may encounte r in life (Buber, 2002). With contemporary rabbis being faced with lots of challenges, the book has major on me as a Modern Rabbi. First, I have learnt and decided not to mix the good and the bad. I choose to go with goodness since this virtue goes a long way towards attaining holiness. It is through doing good that purity, religious fervor and righteousness is achieved (Buber, 2002). As a modern rabbi, humility goes a long way. I believe that I am a servant and that I am in no way greater than others simply because I am a rabbi. In contrast, this work has led to service to God with humility and steadfastness that it required. The book has also seen to my great

The civil War Essay Example for Free

The civil War Essay The beginnings of the American Civil War were born from a disagreement between the Northern and Southern part of the United States of America. The south still believed in slavery and wanted to use it as a normal routine since slave labor constituted a major part of their workforce (Greene 302). The sentiments in the north were much different as they believed that a ban on slavery was only proper and the northerners were willing to make sure that the entire United States took part in this. The southerners did not want such a change to occur and this is when the civil war began. â€Å"Lincoln did not propose federal laws against slavery where it already existed, but he had, in his 1858 House Divided Speech, expressed a desire to arrest the further spread of it, and place it where the public mind shall rest in the belief that it is in the course of ultimate extinction. † (Greene 306) The result of the Civil war was the emancipation of the slaves and the abolition of all forms of slavery. The effect, however, is arguable as many cite that the abolition of slavery in itself is a major achievement but more authoritative sources state that it did not totally remove the racism that was to follow (Greene 306). The effects of the Civil War were more local as opposed to the American Revolution. Which One Had a Greater Impact? After reading a number of sources and understanding the situation of the war, I feel that the American Revolution was the biggest achievement for the country and it had a greater impact on the country as well as the world (Greene 309). Even though slavery was also to be eliminated, there was a need for the country to include all the individuals into the decision making of the government. There was a need to provide the individuals with the freedom of speech as well as thought so that they can think the best for themselves. Another effect is that the end of the British Rule over the Americans led a wave of self-determination across the world and showed the other colonized countries that they too could fight for their independence (Greene 310).The Civil War had no such effect on slavery as slavery continued to occur in other parts of the world such as the African Continent. References Blanco, Richard. The American Revolution: An Encyclopedia 2 vol (1993), 1850 pages Greene, Jack P. and J. R. Pole, eds. The Blackwell Encyclopedia of the American Revolution (1994), 845pp; emphasis on political ideas; revised edition (2004) titled A Companion to the American Revolution Online Sources Wikipedia. (2007). American Revolution. Retrieved on April 26, 2007 from: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/American_RevolutionWikipedia. (2007). American Civil War. Retrieved on April 26, 2007 from: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/American_Civil_War In Abraham Lincoln and the Second American Revolution, McPherson claims that the Civil War brought about a much more radical change in government than the revolution of 1776. Find sources from this period that would support or challenge this statement. Look closely at the ways the decision to enter the Civil War tested the Constitution and the national sense of unity. Do you believe the country was strengthened or weakened by the Civil War?

Prohibtition of Alcohol in Gujarat

Prohibtition of Alcohol in Gujarat LESLIE DO REGO FYBA B. SECTION 1: Gujarat has a sumptuary law in force that proscribes the manufacture, storage, sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages. Prohibition has been in place ever since statehood in 1960, originally in the purview of the Bombay Prohibition Act, 1949, but now under the Gujarat Prohibition Act, 2011, following several amendments. The latest version, which followed 150 deaths caused by hooch in Ahmedabad in 2009, includes the death penalty for those found guilty of making and selling spurious liquor. The law allows for temporary and long-term drinking permits to foreigners, NRIs and tourists, with outlets and purchase limits specified. A resident can get a permit only on health grounds. At special economic zones, the government allows consumption against three-year permits.(service, 2014) SECTION 2: Inter-disciplinary approach: There are many ways in which we can analyse this issue, through different disciplines which give us greater perspective and gives us a better idea of the issue viewed from different angles. First, let me shed some light on the Political aspects of this law: Appeasement of the masses: When looking at a law or a bill, one has to ask the simple question: Why was this proposed? In this case, it’s very simple. The people in power want to appease the people of Gujarat. An alcohol-free state encourages a family state. When I say that I mean parents would be happy to raise their children in a state where it would be impossible for them to fall prey to underage drinking and all the harms that come with it. It becomes an environment which is conducive for children growing up healthy and it keeps the vice of alcohol away. Also, this law has been in existence for over 60 years. In that time, the culture of Gujarat has changed and it has been cemented in the values of the people and families. For now, people are so used to the idea of an alcohol-free state that they may not be willing to make way for a more progressive state of things, in which the laws are relaxed. The conservative population will do anything to maintain this Law. This is wh ere the politics comes into play. Politicians, being pro-Prohibition or anti-prohibition internally, will project themselves as Pro-prohibition in order to appease the masses and gain their support. Vote Buying: This concept is different from Appeasement. Instead of the people following politicians, it’s the other way around in Vote Buying. Politicians provide incentive for people to support them. The reason I’ve brought this concept up in my paper is because of study on the reality of things in Gujarat. There has been evidence of politicians or members from political parties offering alcohol to the people. People have been visited at their homes for these kind of exchanges. It is estimated that liquor demand increases manifold during the election season as many parties resort to supplying liquor to people anticipating favourable voting. This sort of under the table activity is an act of vote buying and it unfortunately occurs which is why I’ve put it into this paper. Booze for ballot: While no police official was willing to be quoted on record about the flow of liquor to specific pockets in the state ahead of elections, sources said that liquor for vote was a reality in several places. During polls, the quantum of seizures made by the Election Commission remains higher than that of the police (Times of India, 2014). However, due to the impending fear of seizures and consequent losses, the transportation of liquor from other states to Gujarat falls during elections. The bootleggers often increase their stock of goods before the poll date and release them gradually at a larger profit. Bribery and monetary gain: Theweekly payoffs flow continuously in government as well as police departments from the bottom to the top. Regular raids on liquor dens and bootleggers, and arrest and imprisonment of offenders, are mere drama which provide the police with some good publicity. For, the truth is that the liquor mafias ensure that families of arrested or jailed bootleggers are not short of money while the hafta collection continues. This has been a regular feature of prohibition in Gujarat from the beginning. It is estimated that the money involved in illicit liquor business is almost equal to the loss in excise and customs duty of the state exchequer. (dna, 2014) So it is glaringly clear that the higher-ups or the people in power benefit from the support of a large percentage of the people for keeping the law in place but also benefit from the under-the-table deals that are rampant in the State with respect to alcohol laws. Social Aspects: Demonstration Effect: Demonstration effects are effects on thebehaviorof individuals caused by observation of the actions of others and their consequences. The term is particularly used inpolitical scienceandsociologyto describe the fact that developments in one place will often act as a catalyst in another place (Wikipedia, 2014). If we look at the law optimistically, we see the behaviour of people as shown by the demonstration effect. Taking the law on prohibition, when alcohol is banned, most of the people stop consuming it. On seeing the behaviour of the people in question, others may stop as well, maybe people from outside Gujarat. So the law does not affect only the citizens of Gujarat. Through the demonstration effect we can see that the alcohol consumption of people from neighbouring states may well decreases thanks to the law. Consumption of spurious alcohol: It is an observed phenomenon in modern studies of human behaviour that when something is taken away from a person, their want for that object increases. We can equate it with the prohibition law. With the ban of alcohol, the demand for it does not go away. In the state of Gujarat a large portion of the population still demand alcohol. This demand is met by bootlegging activities (which I will elaborate on later). However, since the law prohibits the selling of alcoholic substances, the bootlegged liquor that one receives is at a higher price. The people of impoverished circumstances simply cannot afford the good stuff. But the demand remains. Therefore, the poor population resorts to alcohol of an inferior quality. This is often spurious alcohol which is incredibly harmful to the body and can also prove fatal. On 7 July 2009, ten people died inBehrampuraafter drinking spurious liquor.The liquor was brewed in the house of Arvind Solanki, who also died after consuming the liquor. The death toll rose to 43 next dayand crossed 120 by July 12.276 people were admitted in various hospitals with nearly 100 of them inintensive care units.More than 1000 litres of hooch containingmethanolwas brought to AhmedabadfromMohammadabad. (Wikipedia, 2014) Section 3: When one thinks of the economic analysis of Prohibition one’s mind goes to revenue. The revenue of a state under prohibition is significantly less than that of an anti-Prohibition state, obviously. The widespread consumption and purchase of alcohol by the masses provides huge income for the state through sale and tax. But, when we delve deeper into this issue, we see the many aspects of economics that comes into play. The economics of Prohibition and Addiction The relatively inelastic demand for alcohol by an alcoholic: To start off, I’ll explain in a few lines what the elasticity of demand is. It is basically the behaviour of a consumer’s demand with a corresponding change in price. It shows the relationship between the two and measures the extent to which the consumer’s demand changes. When we use the term relatively inelastic demand what we’re saying is the change in price doesn’t have a very big effect on the demand of the consumer. This is usually observed in the demand for essential goods. Therefore, when analysing the demand for alcohol of an alcoholic, he is psychologically and sometimes physically dependant on alcohol. Thus even when the price goes higher he still demands alcohol. So the bootleggers in a way have a direct impact on the welfare of the people, controlled with the prices that they charge for bootlegged alcohol. Also, the sever dependency of an alcoholic on alcohol can drive him into poverty due to his inelastic demand for alcohol and the prev iously mentioned high prices of bootlegged alcohol. We can also see this form the point of view of the sellers of liquor. Experience has shown that stricter the law against drinking, higher is the price of illegal liquor and greater are the profits. The existence of a huge black market of alcohol in the state of Gujarat: As I’ve said before, bootlegging in Gujarat is rampant. It is safe to say that even with the blanket ban, anybody who wants to can have access to alcohol and its products. There are over 300 listed bootleggers in Ahmedabad and over 3,500 in Gujarat. Half of them smuggle IMFL while the rest brew country-made liquor. As part of an unwritten understanding between bootleggers and low-ranking policemen, bootleggers are booked in small-time cases from time to time and sent to jail for short durations. A senior police official says that politicians-from the panchayat to the state levels-are greater beneficiaries of this illicit business. According to an unofficial estimate, the Ahmedabad police getRs.80 lakh toRs.1 crore as monthly bribes from bootleggers. It is believed that the Gujarat police get aroundRs.100 crore as bribes from bootleggers. Vadodara police getRs.50 lakh each year, Surat police getRs.70 lakh andRs.25 lakh goes to the Rajkot police. There have been instances where police officials themselves have created bootleggers to earn illicit money from them. Around a dozen major bootleggers operating from the border areas of Gujarat churn out an annual turnover of overRs.1,500 crore by selling illicit Indian made foreign liquor (IMFL) in the state. Hundreds of smaller IMFL and country-made liquor bootleggers operate with impunity under the very noses of the Gujarat police and politicians. With the prohibition law becoming a farce, each year the state Government losesRs.3,000 crore in excise duty due to bootlegging. According to state intelligence sources, bootlegger Kailash Rathis gang alone pushes 10 trucks of IMFL worthRs.1 crore into Gujarat each day. Rathi, who was arrested in Ahmedabad recently, operated from Sanchor, Rajasthan. His annual turnover is pegged atRs.300 crore. Ramesh Patel alias Michaels turnover from selling illicit liquor is as much as Rathis. Patel operates out of Daman on the south Gujarat border. His brother is a district panchayat chief in Daman. That the police are involved in bootlegging is evident from the suspension of an Ahmedabad police inspector for accepting a bribe ofRs.20 lakh from Nagdan Gadhvi, one of Gujarats most active liquor smugglers. (Indiatoday.intoday.in, 2014) So the numbers don’t lie. Gujarat ropes in a huge amount of revenue from bootlegging. But unfortunately, Gujarat does not gain anything. In other states, through various taxes the State has a piece of the pie of this revenue. However, due to the ban, all the money brought in because of alcohol is black money which results in the loss of possible income of thousands of crores of rupees for the exchequer. Increased price of Alcohol: It is a common concept in economics that when supply goes down, price goes up. Now in a State which has a policy of prohibition, it is obvious that the supply falls dramatically. Since, again, it is a state under Prohibition, there can be no regulation in prices. The sellers of alcohol can freely decide the prices of the products they sell and the customers are powerless and have no choice but to accept these prices. And they are forced to pay these prices for their daily fix. Policy Efficacy and Section 4: The avoidance of alcohol consumption can be looked at as a noble cause. However, the government should not have the right to force it upon people. We elect the government to protect us and serve us for the good of the country. The attempt at legislating what is moral should not be encouraged. I feel that this law should be repealed. It is a law which is over 60 years old and is a hindrance to the advancement of India on a global scale. There are many direct losses due to this law. The state loses thousands of crores of excise duty which, in turn, has to be recovered by making other goods and services more expensive. Gujarats government has estimated that it loses Rs 30 Billion ($ 615 Million, â‚ ¬ 441 Million, Â £ 379 Million) a year in excise revenues from prohibition, hinting at the true magnitude of the states underground alcohol trade (1). Several other Indian states have tried prohibition in the past, but all except Gujarat have abandoned it. Gujarat is trying hard to promot e itself as a global investment destination and a tourist hub. For both these industries, the ban on alcohol has an adverse effect. Indians are ok with the hypocrisy of routinely breaking the law. Many foreigners are not. Foreign tourists do not find it exciting or normal to have bootlegged alcohol. Gujarat’s beach destinations, for instance, will never thrive unless the alcohol policy is lifted. Tourism creates jobs. With this law in place, we are preventing employment to thousands of Gujarat’s youth. Also, even as an investment destination, this policy isn’t helping Gujarat. There is no global finance city – be it London, New York, Hong Kong, Tokyo, Singapore, Shanghai, Seoul or Mumbai — where alcohol is banned. World businessmen don’t wish to live in a place where they are doing something illegal when they attend a party. If Gujarat is serious about becoming a world class business destination, the need of the hour is to benchmark its laws to these locations. Looking at it from an economic point of view, even then, I feel it is imperative to repeal the law. As I’ve said above, Gujarat cannot hope to become a global financial hub if this law remains. The massive increase in revenue if the law is repealed can go a long way in improving the conditions in Gujarat and can finance a number of social welfare schemes. To end, I say that taking steps to address social problems such as alcoholism are welcome. But prohibition, especially if implemented in bits and pieces, may not serve its purpose. The Government should endeavour to educate people about the perils of excess alcohol consumption. An outright ban impacts not only people with a drinking problem, but also those who see alcohol as a recreational beverage and social lubricant. CITATIONS: dna, (2014).The punch of liquor lies in prohibition by Gujarat govt | Latest News Updates at Daily News Analysis. http://www.dnaindia.com/analysis/report-the-punch-of-liquor-lies-in-prohibition-by-gujarat-govt-1626224 The Times of India, (2014).In dry Gujarat, booze demand soars before polls; EC’s largest liquor seizure in India was made in state The Times of India.http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/In-dry-Gujarat-booze-demand-soars-before-polls-ECs-largest-liquor-seizure-in-India-was-made-in-state/articleshow/34223925.cms service, E. (2014).Prohibition: How Gujarat and other states fared. [online] The Financial Express. Available at: http://archive.financialexpress.com/news/prohibition-how-gujarat-and-other-states-fared/1283150 J Indian Acad Forensic Med. Jan- March 2012, Vol. 34, No. 1 Indiatoday.intoday.in, (2014).The price of Prohibition : NATION, News India Today. [online] Available at: http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/illicit-liquor-business-thrives-in-gujarat/1/130913.html [Accessed 29 Nov. 2014]. Wikipedia, (2014).2009 Gujarat alcohol poisonings. [online] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_Gujarat_alcohol_poisonings Wikipedia, (2014).Demonstration effect. [online] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demonstration_effect

George Orwell Stories Review

In the story â€Å"On the Rainy River† a 20-year old named Tim O’Brien is about to be given the freedom to go anywhere in life until he receives a draft notice requiring him to join the army in the Vietnam War. Tim O’Brien is tested both physically and mentally. He has the option to flee to Canada or go to the war. Each option would result in abandoning family, friends, and fond memories. In his essay â€Å"Shooting an Elephant,† reminisces about a bad decision he made earlier in life, just like Tim. Reflecting on his experience, Orwell has also identified the reasons why he did it: â€Å"I could get nothing into perspective.I was young and ill-educated and I had to think out my problems in utter silence,† Tim O’Brien also dealt with his problems alone, â€Å" I felt isolated; I spent a lot of time alone. † Both Tim and George are struggling to deal with their problems and it’s eating away at them. In â€Å"On the Rainy River,à ¢â‚¬  having a good education doesn’t have much on an impact on Tim’s life, because if your nation calls on you to defend your country, you’re going to have to make a difficult decision on whether you’re going to flee or going to war.Being educated makes Tim more open-minded, and prevents him from indulging in the nationalism that was sweeping the nation during that time. Although Tim may have good reasons we shouldn’t be in the war, the nation was depending on men like him. In â€Å"Shooting an Elephant,† George Orwell says â€Å" †¦I could get nothing into perspective. I was young and ill-educated and I had to think out my problems in the utter silence that is imposed on every Englishman in the East.† George Orwell is trying to say that when you’re young and inexperienced you’re bound to make a lot of mistakes. When you’re young your family, peers, and own country have influenced your opinions. Many indivi duals are afraid and unwilling to deviate from the norm. George is an anti-imperialist at heart, but puts on an officer uniform and represents imperialism because that is how the European nation is viewed to the rest of the world. Based off of Orwell’s ideas, you should think individually so you won’t regretthings later on in life as George and Tim do. Your conscious would show you wrong from right. George Orwell’s ideas can also be applied to â€Å"On the Rainy River†. Although Tim is educated on the war in Vietnam, he does have to deal with his problems in utter silence because he’s afraid that the people he can talk to will tell him to go to the war and he doesn’t want to be called a coward, which takes a toll on his body. â€Å"How at work one morning†¦I felt something break open in my chest†¦it was a physique rupture.† So not only is Tim losing sleep and becoming paranoid, but now the stress is affecting Tim’s ph ysical health as well. If Tim had talked to Elroy Berdahl he would have been much better off. The guilt and stress has been eating away at Tim all summer, and will continue to get at him until he can speak to someone about what he’s going through. If Tim had vented to Elroy, his physical and mental health might have returned to normal, which would have helped him to make his decision. George faces being ill educated along with dealing with his problems.George is an outcast in the native village. He is supposed to be striking fear into these people, however he is against the brutality and injustice that imperialism instills on its subjects. If only George had had the courage to tell the natives who he really was, he might have had an easier time being accepted by them. If George had been better educated, he might have known how to think straight when surrounded by two thousand people; he might have also known where to shoot the elephant so it wouldn’t have to suffer the way it did.To conclude, both Tim and George tried to run away from the inevitable. You can’t escape who you are, and that is what Tim and George tried to do. Tim was an American citizen who was caught up in the draft for the Vietnam War, and George was a citizen of an imperial nation. Tim couldn’t face leaving his friends and family behind so he ended up damaging himself both physically and mentally without even trying to talk this out with his family and friends.While George an anti-imperialist at hear must enforce it upon this Asian country. Both decisions were forced by others whether it is Tim deciding to go to the war due to the devastating fact that if he were to go to Canada, he would never see his family again and if George didn’t shoot that elephant, the tribal people would be more disrespectful than ever. George Orwell wants us to be individuals and think for ourselves. We shouldn’t be influenced by others to make decisions we wouldn’t n ormally do.

Psychology Cae Studies Essay

1) Newspaper Advertisement: -self selecting persons who had an interest in seeing the study become successful. If you volunteer to become a part of a study clearly you have an interest and feel a sense of responsibility towards the experiment.  2) Subjects were predominately white and middle class. This implies that the subjects are from similar backgrounds, and so share similar experiences. In such cases we call them a homogeneous group. A homogeneous group because of their similar experiences are not likely to be representative of the wider population. Consequently results are likely to reflective of them, not the general population. In this instance we may only have learn how a prison population with predominately white males from a middle class background is likely to behave. Remember the purpose of much of research is to generalise to the wider population. 3) Thumbs up for the use of questionnaires and an interview, which were used to screen the subjects.  Thumbs down – what constituted healthy? How did they come to this judgement? Normal! What is normal?  4) The experiment was conducted at the prestigious Stanford University. The  Prestige of the University will have impacted upon the subjects. Oh my god we are here at Stanford. If Stanford is doing this then it must be good and worthwhile. They wouldn’t have me doing something that’s not good for me. No matter what I feel I must behave as a dutiful subject. It’s not hard to imagine the subjects thinking in this manner. 5) The direct involvement of the chief researcher as a participant in the  Experiment could also impact upon the subjects. Hey he’s involved, if he isn’t having a problem neither should I. I need to follow his lead. This is a really valuable piece of research.  Key Terms  De-Individuation: -This is a loss of your individual identity. The guards lost their identity to the group collective. We are guards. The (uniform), inclusive of baton, reflecting sunglasses and apparel (what they had on) contributed to this. We are the authority! What we say goes! The prisoners lost their identity when they were given prison garb and prison numbers. To be referred to only by a number robs you of your name. How vital is a name to an individual? Mr, Miss, Mrs, name only. It comes to define you the individual. Without it who are you? De-humanisation: – This means that you have lost your humanity and are not treated with the basic dignity to which human beings are entitled. The prisons were de-humanised. Remember they were stripped and made to stand naked in the court -yard. This is not a dignified way to treat persons. Further evidence of their dehumanisation is the prison guards referring to their rights as privileges. This implied that they were not entitled to rights. Loss of control over what we as humans have come to expect, when we eat, when we sleep, and when use the bathroom. They lost the power to do all these things. Learned helplessness: – They became dependent upon the guards for everything. They lost the desire and the know how to do things for themselves. This was not the situation before since they acquired it in prison, then it is learned helplessness.  Remember power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely.  Role Confusion: – This occurs when the individual cannot separate roles that he has been given-which am I truly? This is linked to role consumption, This occurs when one particular role comes to define an individual take for example an athlete or politician who refuses to retire long after they have passed their prime. Both the guards and the prisoners suffered from this problem. The guards like the prisoners suffered de-individuation. They too lost their identities to the roles they were asked to perform. The awesome power they were given, the uniform-inclusive of whistle, baton and reflecting sunglasses all contributed to them losing their identity. They began to see themselves as guards only and begun acting accordingly. Most naturally this meant that the guards internalised the prison. By Internalisation we mean that they accepted the prison as being real, and conformed to its expectations, routines and guidelines. Did the guards truly internalise the prison? Lets look at the evidence of this-The guards attempted to hide the prisons in the broom cupboard because they felt the experimenters were being too soft- [This is evidence of internalisation because it shows that the guards had removed themselves from the confines/boundaries of the experiment and had now started to think as the collective group-prison guards-[This moment should have marked the end of the experiment as its integrity had been compromised-it was an ethical violation to continue-Zimbardo being a part of the experiment(Prison Warder-head guard) became totally subjective and could not see that anything was wrong-this again was unethical but only because his objectivity was compromised].  Further evidence of this is calling the prisoners rights privileges, and delaying the prisoner roll call to hours. For the prisoners the arresting process, which began when they were arrested and ended when they were finger printed and photographed, contributed to the prisoners internalising the prison. This occurred because of the shock value it signified a break from the prison (subjects) everyday reality they were arrested-they were now prisoners. The initiation process, which is everything, which happened to the prison subjects up until they were assigned to their cells, also contributed to their internalising the prison. This included being given prison uniforms, being stripped and deloused, being made to stand naked in the prison yard, being assigned numbers, learning the prison rules -which they had to recite and being assigned cells. Evidence of the internalisation of the prison by the prisoners is them referring to themselves by number, asking for a lawyer, bail and parole board, and returning to their cells when they could have just left.

Johnny Stecchino essays

Johnny Stecchino essays 'Johnny Stecchino', released in 1991, proved to be the biggest box office hit in its native country, Italy. The movie stars Robert Benigni, who is also the co -writer and director of the movie. Robert Begnini plays a double role in this movie, one as bus driver Dante and his look- alike gangster Johnny. The movie that runs for 100 minutes is an excellent proof of Robert Benigni's ability to turn an usually serious topic of Mafia into The movie is about a jolly bus driver , Dante in Rome . He hasn't got anything exciting in life, in fact he lives a life of kindhearted loser. His best friend is one of retarded children he transports from school to home and back again, Lillo. He also shoplifts bananas with this friend to discourage him from eating pastries, as he is diabetic. The scene where he steals bananas shows how Begnini can "squeeze more laughs from a simple prop, (in this case a banana), than any other comic in modern movies"(1). At the same time he is tricking the federal government by acting that he got a spastic hand due to some injury in order to get some extra benefits .His love life also paints a pathetic picture: he cant get a single girl in town who is willing to go out with him even those who had been dumped by their men and would go out with anyone to make their ex- Life changes for Dante when, in the first scene, he encounters Maria after coming out of night party who faints as she sees him. Then one afternoon she visits him at his place and asks him to meet her at her room in an opulent hotel. After their meeting, he is convinced that she has deeply fallen in love with him and therefore accepts to come to his villa in Palermo, Sicily. Here her true identity and motives are revealed to the audiences though they remain unknown to Dante, throughout the movie. She is wife of a Mafia leader, Johnny Stechinno or Johnny the tooth pick who looking exactly like Dante a...

Orca (Killer Whale - Orcinus orca) Facts

Orca (Killer Whale - Orcinus orca) Facts The killer whale, also known as the orca, is one of the most well-known types of whales. Killer whales are commonly the star attractions at large aquariums and due to these aquariums and movies, may also be known as Shamu or Free Willy. Despite their somewhat derogatory name and large, sharp teeth, fatal interactions between killer whales and humans in the wild have never been reported. (Read more about fatal interactions with captive orcas). Description With their spindle-like shape and beautiful, crisp black and white markings, killer whales are striking and unmistakable. The maximum length of killer whales is 32 feet in males and 27 feet in females. They can weigh up to 11 tons (22,000 pounds). All killer whales have dorsal fins, but the males is larger than females, sometimes reaching 6 feet tall. Like many other Odontocetes, killer whales live in organized family groups, called pods, which range in size from 10-50 whales. Individuals are identified and studied using their natural markings, which include a grayish-white saddle behind the whales dorsal fin. Classification Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: MammaliaOrder: CetaceaSuborder: OdontocetiFamily: DelphinidaeGenus: OrcinusSpecies: orca While killer whales were long considered to be one species, there now appear to be many species, or at least subspecies, of killer whales. These species/subspecies differ genetically and also in appearance. Habitat and Distribution According to the Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals, killer whales are second only to humans as the most widely distributed mammal in the world. Even though they range across temperate areas of the oceans, killer whale populations are more concentrated around Iceland and northern Norway, along the northwestern coast of the U.S. and Canada, in the Antarctic and Canadian Arctic. Feeding Killer whales eat a wide array of prey, including fish, sharks, cephalopods, sea turtles, seabirds (e.g., penguins) and even other marine mammals (e.g., whales, pinnipeds). They have 46-50 cone-shaped teeth that they use to grasp their prey. Killer Whale Residents and Transients The well-studied population of killer whales off the western coast of North America has revealed that there are two separate, isolated populations of killer whales known as residents and transients. Residents prey on fish and move according to the migrations of salmon, and transients prey primarily on marine mammals such as pinnipeds, porpoises, and dolphins, and may even feed on seabirds. Resident and transient killer whale populations are so different that they dont socialize with each other and their DNA is different. Other populations of killer whales are not as well studied, but scientists think that this food specialization might occur in other areas as well. Scientists are now learning more about a third type of killer whale, called offshores, which live in the area from British Columbia, Canada to California, dont interact with resident or transient populations, and are not usually seen inshore. Their food preferences are still being studied. Reproduction Killer whales are sexually mature when they are 10-18 years old. Mating seems to take place throughout the year. The gestation period is 15-18 months, after which a calf about 6-7 feet long is born. Calves weigh about 400 pounds at birth and will nurse for 1-2 years. Females have calves every 2-5 years. In the wild, it is estimated that 43% of calves die within the first 6 months (Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals, p.672). Females reproduce until they are about 40 years old. Killer whales are estimated to live between 50-90 years, with females generally living longer than males. Conservation Since 1964, when the first killer whale was captured for display in an aquarium in Vancouver, they have been a popular show animal, a practice that is becoming more controversial. Until the 1970s, killer whales were captured off the western coast of North America, until populations there began to decrease. Subsequently, since the late 1970s, killer whales captured in the wild for aquariums have mostly been taken from Iceland. Today, breeding programs exist in many aquariums and that has lessened the need for wild captures. Killer whales have also been hunted for human consumption or because of their predation on commercially-valuable fish species. They are also threatened by pollution, with the population off British Columbia and Washington state having extremely high levels of PCBs. Sources: American Cetacean Society. 2004. Orca (Killer Whale). (Online). American Cetacean Society Fact Sheet. Accessed February 27, 2010.Kinze, Carl Christian. 2001. Marine Mammals of the North Atlantic. Princeton University Press.Mead, James G. and Joy P. Gould. 2002. Whales and Dolphins In Question. Smithsonian Institution.Perrin, William F., Bernd Wursig and J.G.M. Thewissen. 2002. Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals. Academic Press.

Television advertisement vs social media Article

Television advertisement vs social media - Article Example Television marketing is one of the most popular and widely used modes of marketing all over the world including the MENA region. Companies place ads on television channels that are brought on air during popular television programmes so that the majority of people can view them. â€Å"Many businesses find a well-crafted television advertisement gives them an effective way to appeal to their target market† (Wagner n.d.). The normal length of television commercials ranges from 15 seconds to 2 to 3 minutes. Television ads are also played in the form of paid advertisements. Moreover, a direct response strategy is also being used widely in order to get instant feedback redundant from the viewers. Advertisements for direct response can run up to 15 to 30 minutes, and at the end of those advertisements a telephone number is shown to viewers in order for them to call the company and place the order. Along with television marketing, another form of marketing that is rapidly gaining fame and success in the MENA region is social media marketing. Social networking websites are playing a valuable role as effective marketing channels for all types of companies whether large, small, or medium-sized (Kelly 2013). With the advent of the social media as an effective network for marketing and advertising, companies started using social networking websites for achieving better response, as well as to provide customer service through enhanced level of interaction with the customers of the company (Richardson, Gosnay and Carroll 2010, p. 58). â€Å"The main goal of social media marketing is to ensure high participation of target audience in campaigns and content shared by the company† (Rajarammohan 2012). Social media is considered to be a complementary mix of all other advertising and marketing efforts (Evans 2012). It also plays an effective role in marketing and advertising of products. According

Management Portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words - 6

Management Portfolio - Essay Example Site work shall involve grading, drainage, and other on-site utilities that are necessary for the operation of the service facility. The project location consists of 100 acres of land. The scope of the project includes engineering, procurement, and construction for the site-work and two initial buildings. A soil investigation, legal boundary survey, and contour mapping is already provided by the owner, thus the present project contract will no longer cover these activities. Special procurement will include an overhead crane for the industrial building and an elevator conveying system for the administrative office building. The maintenance (or industrial) building shall have a 40-foot clear ceiling height, with a 20-ton overhead crane. The owner anticipates that 45 employees shall be using the building during the day shift and plans to expand work to include a night shift at some future time. A small office area and a shop with machining equipment will be located in the industrial building. A wash-down area is to be provided for washing and servicing of truck vehicles (Oberlender 2000, p. 329). Project management aims to execute, in the most effective and cost-efficient manner possible, the design and construction of civil works to the satisfaction of the customer. However, execution should not be undertaken at the expense of the health and safety of construction workers and the public, nor to the degradation of the environment. Thrusts towards green architecture and green engineering have brought to the forefront concerns on health, safety, and sustainability. However, while traditionally thought of as a secondary appendage to construction plans, measures to ensure health and safety have in effect contributed to the reduction of the financial costs of projects. Steps taken to prevent accidents and avoid community hazards and nuisance have effectively created savings to the firm in